Referat: The political system of the United States of America (USA)
The American Political System
In general:
Government: “Government of the people, by the people and for the people”
Three different branches: legislative, executive, and judiciary
Legislative:
Congress: House of Representatives and the Senate
Members are directly elected by the people
House of Representatives:
every member has to be at least 25 years old
435 members, who are elected directly by the people
they show the public opinion
relation between: people and member per state
elected every 2 years
Majority leader is at the same time the speaker of the House
The Senate:
every member has to be at least 30 years old
100 members (every state has 2 governors)
their task is to represent the interests of their states
elected every 6 years
every year 1/3 are newly elected
Vice president is the leader of the Senate
Laws:
House of Representatives and the Senate have the same, equal rights
Departments, Rules Committee, Congress, Conference Committee, White House
If the majority of the House of Representatives says yes to a bill, the Congress cannot say anything against it, and the other way around
If they do not have the same opinions the Conference Committee must find a decision
At the end the President of the USA has the right to veto
If 2/3 of the congress say still yes, the law is through
“Just” the president: Executive Office of the president
secretaries (appointed by president) and departments are directly under the president
The president:
has to be at least 35 years old and have live in America for 14 years
gets elected by the electors, depends on the population
every 4 years there is a new election, can get elected one more time
central power:
head of the state
head of the government
diplomat
commander- in- chief of the armed forces
=>presidential democracy
Congress has just one right to dismiss the president: impeachment proceedings if it was a high crime or misdemeanor
Judiciary:
U.S. Supreme Court
9 judges who are suggested by the president and confirmed by the senate
are appointed for lifetime
Election:
every person who is 18 has the right to vote
Parties:
Democratic Party (Bill Clinton) (= SPD)
Republican Party (= CDU)
Green Party = Grüne
Libertarian Party = FDP
Reform Party
Socialist Party
Communist Party
Ku Klux Klan Party
National Socialist White Party
Natural Party
Peace and Freedom Party
Christian Coalition
...
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